Air Pollution Control Technologies (SOx, NOx, SPM reductions, retrofits and modernization)

  • Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs): Charge particles and then use electric fields to attract them to collecting plates, removing them from the air.

  • Fabric Filters (Baghouses): Filter particulate matter through woven or filled fabric, trapping particles while allowing clean air to pass through.

  • Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD): Removes sulfur dioxide from flue gases, often using a wet scrubbing process.

  • Dry Sorbent Injection (DSI) is a technology used in air pollution control, particularly for reducing acid gases and other pollutants in flue gas from industrial processes. It involves injecting a dry, powdered sorbent (like lime or sodium bicarbonate) directly into the flue gas stream to react with and neutralize pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and mercury.

  • Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a technology used to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions. It involves injecting a reducing agent, like ammonia or urea, into the exhaust stream temperature between 250°C and 450°C, where it reacts with NOx on a catalyst, converting it into harmless nitrogen and water.

  • Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) is a method for reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from boilers. It achieves this by injecting a reducing agent, typically ammonia or urea, directly into the flue gas. The high temperatures in the flue gas (850-1050°C) promote a chemical reaction that converts NOx into less harmful nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O).